9+ Ranking the Best ATL Sky Club Lounges ✈


9+ Ranking the Best ATL Sky Club Lounges ✈

The principal services thought-about superior inside Delta Air Traces’ lounge community at Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta Worldwide Airport supply enhanced facilities and elevated service ranges. These areas present vacationers with a respite from the concourse, that includes comfy seating, complimentary meals and beverage choices, and devoted workspaces.

Entry to premium airport lounges improves passenger expertise by mitigating travel-related stress and growing productiveness. Traditionally, these lounges catered to elite-status passengers and premium-cabin vacationers, evolving to embody a broader vary of entry choices by memberships and bank card partnerships. The presence of superior lounge choices immediately impacts the airport’s perceived high quality and may affect airline choice amongst frequent flyers.

This evaluation will look at particular lounge places at Atlanta’s airport, specializing in their respective choices, accessibility standards, and total passenger satisfaction scores. Key facets to be evaluated embody lounge dimension, meals and beverage high quality, obtainable providers resembling showers and workspaces, and the affect of crowding on the general expertise.

1. Ambiance

The ambiance of a Delta Sky Membership considerably influences its total rating inside Atlanta’s airport services. Ambiance encompasses parts resembling lighting, dcor, noise ranges, and spatial association, contributing on to passenger consolation and perceived worth. A well-designed ambiance fosters rest and productiveness, serving as an important differentiator amongst Sky Membership places. For instance, a Sky Membership using pure mild, coupled with comfy seating configurations and muted shade palettes, is prone to be considered extra favorably than one characterised by harsh fluorescent lighting and cramped quarters. The cause-and-effect relationship is clear: optimistic ambiance results in elevated passenger satisfaction, elevating the Sky Membership’s standing.

Noise ranges represent a crucial element of the ambiance. Sky Golf equipment with efficient soundproofing or strategically positioned quiet zones cater to vacationers in search of respite from the airport’s common din. Conversely, extreme noise air pollution, whether or not from flight bulletins, conversations, or insufficient sound limitations, detracts considerably from the expertise. Equally, the standard of dcor, together with paintings and furnishings, impacts the perceived sophistication and exclusivity of the lounge. The affect of ambiance extends past aesthetics; it has a tangible impact on passenger well-being and their notion of Delta’s model.

Finally, a superior ambiance transforms a easy ready space right into a vacation spot in itself. Attaining this requires a holistic strategy, encompassing considerate design decisions, proactive noise administration, and a spotlight to element. Sky Golf equipment that prioritize ambiance display a dedication to passenger consolation, solidifying their place as most popular places inside Atlanta’s airport. Neglecting ambiance can negate different optimistic attributes, resembling meals high quality or service effectivity, highlighting its indispensable position in defining a really superior lounge expertise.

2. Cleanliness

Cleanliness represents a crucial determinant in evaluating the premier Delta Sky Membership places at Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta Worldwide Airport. A direct correlation exists: the upper the requirements of hygiene and upkeep, the better the chance of a Sky Membership being perceived as superior. Neglect in cleanliness generates instant adverse suggestions and immediately impacts person satisfaction. For instance, cases of unclean restrooms, poorly maintained seating areas, or improperly cleared eating surfaces detract considerably from the general expertise, no matter different facilities supplied.

The upkeep of pristine circumstances displays operational effectivity and a dedication to passenger well-being. Cleanliness extends past floor appearances, encompassing air high quality, sanitation practices, and the common disinfection of high-touch areas. Constant adherence to stringent cleansing protocols minimizes the unfold of germs and fosters a way of security and luxury. Think about the sensible implications: a passenger selecting between two Sky Golf equipment, an identical in all facets besides cleanliness, invariably selects the cleaner possibility. This demonstrates the decisive affect of hygiene on passenger choice.

In conclusion, cleanliness just isn’t merely a fascinating attribute however an important requirement for establishing a Sky Membership’s superior standing. Constant failure to fulfill elevated hygiene requirements negates optimistic facets resembling meals high quality or workspace performance. By prioritizing meticulous cleansing and upkeep practices, Delta can improve passenger expertise and solidify the popularity of chosen Atlanta Sky Membership places as greatest in school.

3. Meals High quality

Meals high quality constitutes a pivotal attribute immediately impacting the evaluation of superior Delta Sky Membership places inside Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta Worldwide Airport. The supply of high-quality meals choices, encompassing freshness, selection, and acceptable preparation, contributes considerably to passenger satisfaction. A demonstrable cause-and-effect relationship exists: improved meals high quality correlates with enhanced passenger expertise and a stronger chance of designating a selected Sky Membership as a number one facility. The sensible significance of this understanding stems from its direct affect on Delta’s model notion and buyer loyalty.

Examples of meals high quality affect are readily noticed. A Sky Membership providing a various choice of freshly ready dishes, catering to varied dietary wants and preferences, constantly garners extra optimistic suggestions than a location offering restricted or pre-packaged choices. The supply of sizzling entrees, salads using recent components, and interesting snack decisions elevates the general lounge expertise. Moreover, consideration to element in meals presentation and repair enhances the notion of high quality. Think about the impact of inconsistent meals high quality; even when different lounge attributes resembling seating availability and repair effectivity are passable, subpar meals choices can diminish total passenger satisfaction. Subsequently, prioritizing meals high quality is important for establishing a aggressive benefit amongst Sky Membership places.

In summation, meals high quality is an indispensable element in defining the superior Delta Sky Membership inside Atlanta’s airport. Funding in high-quality meals choices, alongside rigorous monitoring of preparation requirements and hygiene practices, immediately interprets to improved passenger satisfaction and model loyalty. Challenges in sustaining constant meals high quality necessitate ongoing analysis of suppliers, menu changes primarily based on passenger suggestions, and steady coaching for workers accountable for meals preparation and repair. Addressing these challenges is essential for solidifying the designation of particular Sky Membership places as the very best, thereby contributing to a optimistic total journey expertise.

4. Beverage Choice

The breadth and high quality of beverage choices considerably affect the notion of a Delta Sky Membership’s superiority inside Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta Worldwide Airport. An expansive and thoughtfully curated beverage choice contributes to passenger consolation and total satisfaction, serving as a key differentiator amongst lounge places.

  • Number of Alcoholic Choices

    A various choice of alcoholic drinks, together with premium spirits, wines, and beers, caters to a broad vary of passenger preferences. The supply of craft beers, regionally sourced wines, and well-known liquor manufacturers enhances the perceived worth of the lounge expertise. For instance, providing a choice of Georgia wines or native craft beers would attraction particularly to vacationers in search of a regional expertise, contributing to a better ranking of beverage choice.

  • Non-Alcoholic Choices

    Past alcoholic drinks, a complete non-alcoholic choice is essential. This consists of quite a lot of juices, sodas, teas, and specialty espresso choices. The presence of high-quality espresso machines, providing cappuccinos and lattes, alongside a choice of natural teas and infused waters, demonstrates a dedication to catering to numerous passenger wants and preferences. The inclusion of non-alcoholic cocktails or mocktails additional elevates the beverage choices.

  • Presentation and Service

    The way wherein drinks are offered and served impacts the general expertise. Properly-maintained bar areas, attentive bartenders, and the usage of acceptable glassware improve the perceived high quality of the beverage choice. For instance, serving a premium spirit in a typical plastic cup detracts from the expertise, whereas offering acceptable glassware elevates the presentation and passenger satisfaction.

  • Availability and Restocking

    Constant availability of all beverage choices is important for sustaining passenger satisfaction. Frequent restocking of widespread gadgets and proactive monitoring of beverage ranges stop disappointment and be sure that passengers can entry their desired drinks directly. For instance, a Sky Membership that ceaselessly runs out of widespread drinks or fails to keep up ample ice provides will possible obtain adverse suggestions relating to its beverage choice.

The aforementioned aspects of beverage choice are integral to establishing a Delta Sky Membership’s standing as a premier location inside Atlanta’s airport. Constant funding in a different and well-presented beverage program, coupled with attentive service and dependable availability, will considerably contribute to enhanced passenger satisfaction and solidify the Sky Membership’s popularity as a superior journey expertise. Conversely, neglecting beverage high quality and choice can diminish the general notion of the lounge, no matter different facilities supplied.

5. Seating Availability

Inside the analysis framework for figuring out superior Delta Sky Membership places at Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta Worldwide Airport, seating availability emerges as a major determinant. The correlation between adequate and cozy seating and the general passenger expertise is demonstrable. A Sky Membership’s capability to accommodate vacationers comfortably immediately influences its perceived worth and contributes considerably to its classification as a number one facility.

  • Density and Configuration

    The density of seating inside a Sky Membership immediately impacts the consolation stage and perceived spaciousness. An overabundance of seats, leading to a cramped surroundings, can negate different optimistic attributes. The configuration of seating preparations, together with particular person chairs, communal tables, and personal workstations, should cater to numerous passenger wants. For example, enterprise vacationers could prioritize workspaces, whereas leisure vacationers may favor lounge areas. An optimum configuration balances density with performance, maximizing passenger consolation.

  • Forms of Seating

    The number of seating choices obtainable inside a Sky Membership immediately influences passenger satisfaction. Offering a variety of seating sorts, from comfy armchairs to ergonomic workstations, accommodates numerous preferences and wishes. The inclusion of seating choices with energy retailers and USB ports is especially essential for contemporary vacationers reliant on digital units. Furthermore, the standard and situation of the seating immediately affect passenger consolation. Worn or broken seating detracts from the general lounge expertise.

  • Peak Hour Administration

    The flexibility of a Sky Membership to handle seating availability throughout peak journey hours is a crucial issue. A location that constantly experiences overcrowding, leading to restricted or no obtainable seating, undermines its worth proposition. Efficient methods for managing peak hour demand embody implementing waitlists, using house effectively, and dynamically adjusting seating configurations. Moreover, proactive communication relating to seating availability helps handle passenger expectations and reduces frustration.

  • Accessibility Issues

    Guaranteeing that seating is accessible to all passengers, together with these with disabilities, is important. Compliance with accessibility requirements requires offering seating choices with ample house for mobility units and guaranteeing that pathways are clear and unobstructed. Failure to accommodate passengers with disabilities diminishes the Sky Membership’s popularity and contravenes moral concerns. Accessible seating must be strategically situated all through the lounge, offering handy entry to facilities and providers.

The multifaceted nature of seating availability underscores its pivotal position in defining the premier Delta Sky Golf equipment inside Atlanta’s airport. By prioritizing optimum seating density, numerous seating choices, efficient peak hour administration, and accessibility concerns, Delta can improve the passenger expertise and solidify the popularity of chosen Sky Golf equipment as superior journey locations. In distinction, neglecting any of those aspects can negate different optimistic attributes and detract from the general lounge expertise.

6. Service Effectivity

Service effectivity capabilities as a core determinant within the evaluation of premier Delta Sky Membership places inside Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta Worldwide Airport. A direct correlation exists between the velocity and effectiveness of service supply and passenger satisfaction ranges. Areas characterised by expeditious check-in processes, responsive workers, and swift decision of passenger inquiries demonstrably improve the lounge expertise. Inversely, sluggish service or unresponsive personnel negatively affect perceptions, no matter different facilities obtainable. Subsequently, service effectivity constitutes a crucial element in establishing a Sky Membership’s standing as superior.

Actual-world examples underscore this connection. Think about two eventualities: in a single, a passenger encounters a check-in agent who effectively processes their entry, solutions questions concisely, and proactively provides help. Within the second, a passenger faces prolonged wait instances, a disinterested agent, and problem acquiring mandatory info. The primary state of affairs is indicative of a excessive stage of service effectivity, contributing positively to the Sky Membership’s total ranking. The second, a deficiency in service effectivity, detracts from the expertise. This extends past check-in to incorporate bar service, meals replenishment, and help with travel-related points. The sensible significance of understanding this hyperlink lies in prioritizing workers coaching, optimizing operational processes, and implementing techniques that facilitate immediate and efficient service.

In abstract, service effectivity just isn’t merely a fascinating attribute however a requisite attribute of a superior Delta Sky Membership. Challenges in sustaining constant service effectivity necessitate ongoing analysis of workers efficiency, course of optimization, and technological funding to streamline operations. Addressing these challenges is essential for solidifying the designation of particular Sky Membership places as the very best, thus contributing to a optimistic total journey expertise. Sky Golf equipment ought to prioritize these parts to constantly ship immediate, useful, and efficient service to passengers.

7. Bathe Services

The supply and high quality of bathe services inside Delta Sky Golf equipment at Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta Worldwide Airport contribute considerably to their perceived superiority. Such facilities cater to the wants of long-haul vacationers and people experiencing prolonged layovers, thereby enhancing total passenger consolation and satisfaction.

  • Cleanliness and Upkeep

    Probably the most crucial facet of bathe services is their constant cleanliness. Frequently sanitized surfaces, well-maintained fixtures, and ample air flow are important. Neglect in these areas diminishes the profit, no matter different options. A superior Sky Membership ensures that bathe services are meticulously cleaned between makes use of, offering a hygienic and nice expertise. The implication is evident: compromised cleanliness immediately interprets to a degraded passenger expertise.

  • Availability and Accessibility

    Enough numbers of bathe stalls are mandatory to reduce wait instances, significantly throughout peak journey durations. Moreover, accessibility is paramount. Bathe services should adjust to accessibility requirements, providing options resembling seize bars and ample house for mobility units. Sky Golf equipment that prioritize availability and accessibility display a dedication to accommodating numerous passenger wants, thereby bolstering their popularity as main services.

  • Facilities Offered

    The supply of complimentary facilities elevates the bathe expertise. This consists of gadgets resembling towels, toiletries (shampoo, conditioner, physique wash), and hair dryers. The standard of those facilities immediately impacts passenger satisfaction. Supplying premium-quality toiletries enhances the perceived worth of the bathe services and contributes to a extra luxurious expertise. The absence of primary facilities detracts from the meant profit, probably negating the optimistic affect of the bathe itself.

  • Design and Consolation

    The design of the bathe services contributes to the general person expertise. Considerate design incorporates ample house, acceptable lighting, and efficient drainage. Consideration to element, such because the inclusion of comfy seating and storage areas, additional enhances passenger consolation. Design parts that prioritize privateness and noise discount contribute to a extra enjoyable and rejuvenating expertise.

Collectively, the components of cleanliness, availability, facilities, and design set up the worth proposition of bathe services inside a Delta Sky Membership. These parts immediately affect passenger perceptions of the lounge, contributing considerably to its total ranking and its potential designation as one of many premier Sky Golf equipment inside Atlanta’s airport. The presence of well-maintained and thoughtfully appointed bathe services indicators a dedication to passenger well-being and elevates the journey expertise.

8. Workspace Consolation

The supply of comfy and purposeful workspaces inside Delta Sky Golf equipment at Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta Worldwide Airport immediately impacts their classification as superior services. The demand for productive areas amongst enterprise vacationers and people in search of to maximise their time throughout layovers necessitates a crucial evaluation of workspace consolation as a defining attribute.

  • Ergonomics of Seating and Desks

    The ergonomic design of seating and desk surfaces is paramount for guaranteeing workspace consolation. Extended durations of sitting require chairs that provide ample lumbar help and adjustable options. Desk heights ought to accommodate a snug posture, minimizing pressure on the neck and again. The absence of ergonomic concerns detracts from the workspace’s performance, decreasing productiveness and contributing to passenger discomfort. A superior Sky Membership workspace prioritizes ergonomic design to facilitate sustained durations of centered work.

  • Energy Retailers and Connectivity

    Uninterrupted entry to energy retailers and dependable Wi-Fi connectivity are important for productive work. Workspace configurations should incorporate an ample variety of simply accessible energy retailers to accommodate laptops, smartphones, and different digital units. Moreover, steady and high-speed Wi-Fi connectivity is essential for accessing on-line sources, taking part in digital conferences, and finishing work duties effectively. Intermittent or unreliable connectivity renders a workspace ineffective, undermining its meant objective.

  • Lighting and Noise Discount

    The standard of lighting and the extent of noise discount considerably affect workspace consolation and productiveness. Ample lighting, each pure and synthetic, is critical to reduce eye pressure and facilitate clear visibility. Moreover, efficient noise discount methods, resembling soundproofing and strategically positioned dividers, mitigate distractions and create a extra conducive work surroundings. Extreme noise or insufficient lighting detracts from focus and reduces total productiveness.

  • Privateness and Area

    The supply of ample privateness and private house is essential for fostering a snug and productive workspace. Particular person workstations or semi-private areas enable passengers to conduct confidential calls, consider complicated duties, and reduce distractions from surrounding actions. Overcrowded workspaces missing in privateness detract from the sense of calm and professionalism mandatory for efficient work. A superior Sky Membership workspace balances open collaboration areas with personal zones to accommodate numerous passenger wants.

The end result of those aspects ergonomic design, energy and connectivity, lighting and noise discount, and privateness immediately influences the desirability of a Delta Sky Membership as a premium journey vacation spot. Sky Golf equipment that prioritize workspace consolation cater to the wants of contemporary vacationers, enhancing their productiveness and contributing to a extra optimistic total journey expertise. The inverse can be true: neglecting workspace consolation can diminish a Sky Membership’s attraction, significantly amongst frequent enterprise vacationers for whom productiveness throughout transit is paramount.

9. Crowd Administration

Efficient crowd administration is intrinsically linked to the designation of a Delta Sky Membership as one of many “greatest atl sky membership” places. Overcrowding, a direct consequence of insufficient crowd administration, diminishes the passenger expertise, negating the worth of in any other case fascinating facilities. This creates a cause-and-effect relationship: poorly managed crowds end in decreased consolation, elevated stress, and a adverse notion of the lounge. A superior Sky Membership, conversely, implements methods to mitigate congestion and keep a snug surroundings even throughout peak hours. For example, a membership that actively displays capability, makes use of reservation techniques, or employs workers to direct passenger movement successfully manages its crowd. A contrasting state of affairs entails a Sky Membership the place passengers wrestle to seek out seating, wait excessively for service, and expertise elevated noise ranges on account of uncontrolled occupancy. This negatively impacts the perceived worth of the lounge, stopping its recognition as a premier facility.

Sensible purposes of efficient crowd administration embody the strategic allocation of house, implementation of technology-driven options, and deployment of skilled personnel. Area allocation entails optimizing seating configurations and designating particular zones for various actions, resembling quiet areas for work and communal areas for socializing. Know-how-driven options could embody real-time occupancy monitoring techniques and cell purposes that enable passengers to examine lounge capability earlier than arrival. Educated personnel play an important position in actively managing queues, offering help to passengers, and imposing lounge insurance policies associated to occupancy limits and visitor entry. Examples of profitable implementation embody the usage of digital queuing techniques, which permit passengers to examine in remotely and obtain notifications when house turns into obtainable, thus minimizing bodily congestion inside the lounge. Furthermore, dynamic changes to staffing ranges primarily based on anticipated passenger movement can considerably enhance service effectivity and scale back wait instances.

In abstract, crowd administration just isn’t merely an operational consideration however an important factor in defining the general high quality and desirability of a Delta Sky Membership. Challenges in managing passenger movement necessitate a proactive and multifaceted strategy that encompasses house optimization, technological integration, and well-trained personnel. Addressing these challenges successfully is important for sustaining a snug and fulfilling lounge surroundings, thereby solidifying the popularity of particular Sky Membership places because the “greatest atl sky membership” choices. Failure to prioritize crowd administration compromises the passenger expertise and undermines the worth proposition of even probably the most well-appointed lounge services.

Often Requested Questions

The next elucidates frequent inquiries relating to the willpower of superior Delta Sky Membership places inside Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta Worldwide Airport. Info supplied herein is meant to tell decision-making primarily based on goal standards.

Query 1: What standards outline a Delta Sky Membership location as superior inside the Atlanta airport?

Superiority is decided by a multifaceted analysis encompassing components resembling seating availability, meals and beverage high quality, cleanliness, service effectivity, workspace consolation, and crowd administration practices. Areas excelling throughout these domains are usually thought-about preferential.

Query 2: Are all Delta Sky Membership places at Atlanta Airport equal by way of facilities and providers?

No. Variations exist relating to the scale, obtainable facilities (e.g., bathe services), and repair ranges supplied at totally different Sky Membership places inside the airport. Sure places could prioritize particular facilities or cater to distinct traveler wants.

Query 3: How ceaselessly are Delta Sky Membership places at Atlanta Airport renovated or up to date?

Renovation and replace schedules fluctuate. Delta Air Traces periodically invests in upgrading its Sky Membership services. Particular timelines for renovations are usually not constantly publicized however are sometimes introduced prematurely to mitigate passenger disruption.

Query 4: What measures are in place to handle overcrowding at widespread Delta Sky Membership places inside the Atlanta airport?

Delta Air Traces employs numerous methods to handle overcrowding, together with capability monitoring, reservation techniques (the place relevant), and dynamic staffing changes. Actual-time occupancy knowledge could also be obtainable by the Fly Delta app.

Query 5: Can entry to particular Delta Sky Membership places at Atlanta Airport be assured with a typical Sky Membership membership?

An ordinary Sky Membership membership usually grants entry to all Sky Membership places inside the airport, topic to capability restrictions. Nevertheless, entry insurance policies could fluctuate primarily based on membership sort and flight itinerary. Confirming entry eligibility previous to arrival is advisable.

Query 6: How does Delta Air Traces solicit and incorporate passenger suggestions relating to its Sky Membership places at Atlanta Airport?

Delta Air Traces makes use of numerous channels to collect passenger suggestions, together with surveys, on-line evaluations, and direct communication. This suggestions informs operational enhancements and future funding selections associated to Sky Membership services and providers.

In abstract, figuring out superior Delta Sky Membership places necessitates a holistic evaluation contemplating numerous quantifiable and qualitative attributes. Passenger preferences and particular person journey necessities ought to inform the choice course of.

The following part will discover the financial affect of those premium lounge services on airport operations and passenger spending habits.

Navigating Atlanta’s Premier Delta Sky Golf equipment

Optimizing the Delta Sky Membership expertise at Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta Worldwide Airport requires strategic planning and knowledgeable decision-making. Think about these tips for maximizing advantages and mitigating potential drawbacks.

Tip 1: Strategically Time Visits: Peak hours, sometimes coinciding with morning and night flight banks, end in elevated crowding. Using Sky Golf equipment throughout off-peak instances enhances seating availability and reduces wait instances for providers.

Tip 2: Prioritize Areas Primarily based on Facilities: Every Sky Membership location provides a definite set of facilities. Analysis obtainable providers, resembling showers or devoted workspaces, and choose the situation that greatest aligns with particular person wants.

Tip 3: Leverage Know-how for Actual-Time Info: Make use of the Fly Delta app to observe Sky Membership occupancy ranges and wait instances. This allows knowledgeable selections relating to which location to go to and reduces the chance of encountering overcrowded circumstances.

Tip 4: Perceive Entry Insurance policies: Familiarize with the precise entry insurance policies related to membership or eligible bank cards. These insurance policies dictate visitor privileges and should prohibit entry throughout peak hours or at sure places.

Tip 5: Respect Lounge Etiquette: Adhere to established lounge etiquette tips. Reduce noise ranges, chorus from occupying a number of seats unnecessarily, and respect the private house of different passengers to contribute to a nice surroundings for all.

Tip 6: Inquire About Particular Companies: Some Sky Membership places supply concierge providers, resembling help with flight modifications or baggage inquiries. Proactively inquire about these providers to expedite travel-related duties.

In abstract, strategic planning and knowledgeable consciousness of accessible facilities and entry insurance policies are important for optimizing the Delta Sky Membership expertise at Atlanta’s airport. Prioritizing off-peak visits and respecting lounge etiquette additional enhances the general profit.

The concluding part will synthesize key findings and reiterate the principal concerns for figuring out the superior Delta Sky Membership places at Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta Worldwide Airport.

Conclusion

The previous evaluation has explored crucial components that contribute to the designation of the “greatest atl sky membership.” Seating availability, service effectivity, meals high quality, cleanliness, workspace consolation, and efficient crowd administration emerge as major determinants. Every factor, when optimized, enhances the passenger expertise and elevates a selected Sky Membership location above its counterparts. Variations in these attributes throughout totally different places inside Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta Worldwide Airport necessitate knowledgeable decision-making by vacationers in search of a superior lounge expertise.

Ongoing evaluation and refinement of those parameters are important for sustaining the aggressive benefit of every Delta Sky Membership location. A dedication to steady enchancment ensures sustained passenger satisfaction and reinforces Delta Air Traces’ place as a supplier of premium journey facilities. Future funding in these areas will possible form passenger expectations and affect airline loyalty amongst frequent flyers.